State · South

Tamil Nadu

State profile

🛕Fun factTamil Nadu's Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur, has the world's tallest temple vimana (~66m), a UNESCO site.

Factsheet

Capital: Chennai
Language(s): Tamil
Formed: 1956
Area: 1,30,058 km²
Districts: 38
Head (2025): M. K. Stalin
State animal: 🐾 Nilgiri tahr
State bird: 🐦 Emerald dove
State flower: 🌸 Glory lily
State tree: 🌳 Palmyra palm

Report Card

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SDG India Index

78

#3 of 36India: 71

NITI Aayog· 2023-24

Economy

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Per-Capita NSDP

₹2.78 L

#8 of 33

MoSPI· 2022-23

Unemployment Rate

3.5%

#17 of 36India: 3.2%

Labour Force Participation

58.8%

#24 of 36India: 60.1%

Healthcare

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Infant Mortality Rate

13 per 1,000

#3 of 22India: 28 per 1,000

Life Expectancy at Birth

72.6 yrs

#7 of 21India: 70.0 yrs

Total Fertility Rate

1.8

#17 of 35India: 2.0

NFHS-5· 2019-21

Institutional Births

99.6%

#4 of 35India: 88.6%

NFHS-5· 2019-21

Child Stunting (under 5)

25.0%

#7 of 35India: 35.5%

NFHS-5· 2019-21

Full Immunisation (12-23 mo)

73.0%

#23 of 31India: 76.4%

NFHS-5· 2019-21

Education

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Literacy Rate

80.1%

#13 of 35India: 74.0%

Census 2011· 2011

Female Literacy Rate

73.4%

#14 of 34India: 65.5%

Census 2011· 2011

Higher Education GER

47.0%

#4 of 36India: 28.4%

AISHE· 2021-22

Law & Order

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IPC Crime Rate

252.8 per lakh

#26 of 36India: 258.1 per lakh

Crimes Against Women Rate

24.0 per lakh

#6 of 36India: 66.4 per lakh

Government Budget

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Debt-to-GSDP Ratio

31.0%

#16 of 31India: 28.1%

Demographics

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Population

7,21,47,030

#6 of 36India: 1,21,08,54,977

Census 2011· 2011

Sex Ratio

996 per 1,000 men

#4 of 36India: 943 per 1,000 men

Census 2011· 2011

Urban Population Share

48.4%

#7 of 35India: 31.2%

Census 2011· 2011

Decadal Population Growth

15.6%

#21 of 34India: 17.7%

Census 2011· 2011

Infrastructure

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Electricity Access

99.6%

#10 of 31India: 96.8%

NFHS-5· 2019-21

Improved Sanitation

87.4%

#13 of 31India: 70.2%

NFHS-5· 2019-21

Clean Cooking Fuel

82.0%

#9 of 31India: 58.6%

NFHS-5· 2019-21

Agriculture

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Agriculture Share of GSVA

12.6%

#26 of 33

MoSPI· 2022-23

Foodgrain Yield

3,021 kg/ha

#11 of 35India: 2,494 kg/ha

DA&FW· 2022-23

Net Irrigated Area

60.4%

#10 of 30India: 56.4%

DA&FW· 2022-23

Average Landholding Size

0.75 ha

#27 of 34India: 1.08 ha

Agri Census· 2015-16

Sports

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Khelo India Medals

65

#4 of 33

Khelo India· 2025

Tourism

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Domestic Tourist Visits

28,60,12,000

#2 of 36India: 2,50,96,27,000

Ministry of Tourism· 2023

Foreign Tourist Visits

11,75,000

#7 of 36India: 1,92,46,000

Ministry of Tourism· 2023