State · East

Bihar

State profile

📜Fun factBihar's Nalanda was among the world's first residential universities, flourishing from the 5th century CE.

Factsheet

Capital: Patna
Language(s): Hindi, Urdu
Formed: 1950
Area: 94,163 km²
Districts: 38
Head (2025): Nitish Kumar
State animal: 🐾 Gaur
State bird: 🐦 House sparrow
State flower: 🌸 Marigold
State tree: 🌳 Peepal

Report Card

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SDG India Index

57

#36 of 36India: 71

NITI Aayog· 2023-24

Economy

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Per-Capita NSDP

₹60,637

#33 of 33

MoSPI· 2022-23

Unemployment Rate

3.0%

#12 of 36India: 3.2%

Labour Force Participation

53.2%

#31 of 36India: 60.1%

Healthcare

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Infant Mortality Rate

27 per 1,000

#15 of 22India: 28 per 1,000

Life Expectancy at Birth

69.5 yrs

#14 of 21India: 70.0 yrs

Total Fertility Rate

3.0

#1 of 35India: 2.0

NFHS-5· 2019-21

Institutional Births

76.2%

#31 of 35India: 88.6%

NFHS-5· 2019-21

Child Stunting (under 5)

42.9%

#34 of 35India: 35.5%

NFHS-5· 2019-21

Full Immunisation (12-23 mo)

71.0%

#24 of 31India: 76.4%

NFHS-5· 2019-21

Education

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Literacy Rate

61.8%

#35 of 35India: 74.0%

Census 2011· 2011

Female Literacy Rate

51.5%

#34 of 34India: 65.5%

Census 2011· 2011

Higher Education GER

17.1%

#32 of 36India: 28.4%

AISHE· 2021-22

Law & Order

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IPC Crime Rate

168.1 per lakh

#16 of 36India: 258.1 per lakh

Crimes Against Women Rate

33.5 per lakh

#9 of 36India: 66.4 per lakh

Government Budget

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Debt-to-GSDP Ratio

38.7%

#24 of 31India: 28.1%

Demographics

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Population

10,40,99,452

#3 of 36India: 1,21,08,54,977

Census 2011· 2011

Sex Ratio

918 per 1,000 men

#26 of 36India: 943 per 1,000 men

Census 2011· 2011

Urban Population Share

11.3%

#34 of 35India: 31.2%

Census 2011· 2011

Decadal Population Growth

25.4%

#4 of 34India: 17.7%

Census 2011· 2011

Infrastructure

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Electricity Access

96.0%

#23 of 31India: 96.8%

NFHS-5· 2019-21

Improved Sanitation

49.4%

#31 of 31India: 70.2%

NFHS-5· 2019-21

Clean Cooking Fuel

37.8%

#31 of 31India: 58.6%

NFHS-5· 2019-21

Agriculture

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Agriculture Share of GSVA

24.7%

#11 of 33

MoSPI· 2022-23

Foodgrain Yield

2,931 kg/ha

#12 of 35India: 2,494 kg/ha

DA&FW· 2022-23

Net Irrigated Area

61.1%

#9 of 30India: 56.4%

DA&FW· 2022-23

Average Landholding Size

0.39 ha

#32 of 34India: 1.08 ha

Agri Census· 2015-16

Sports

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Khelo India Medals

36

#9 of 33

Khelo India· 2025

Tourism

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Domestic Tourist Visits

8,15,86,000

#10 of 36India: 2,50,96,27,000

Ministry of Tourism· 2023

Foreign Tourist Visits

5,47,000

#10 of 36India: 1,92,46,000

Ministry of Tourism· 2023